10月22日,中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会闭幕会在北京人民大会堂举行。 中新社记者 盛佳鹏 摄
10月22日闭幕的中共二十大通过了关于《中国共产党章程(修正案)》的决议。作为管党治党建党的“根本大法”,二十大党章成为新征程上全党行动的根本遵循。
这是中共党代会第18次修改党章。回顾历史,党代会根据党的理论创新和实践发展需要对党章进行修改,是中国共产党的一个惯例。
“二十大通过的新党章是第二个百年征程中国共产党加强自身建设的新起点,决定着中国共产党第二个百年的发展道路、发展内涵、发展格局和发展方向。因此,具有奠基性和决定未来发展前程的重大历史意义。”张希贤说。
修改后的党章有“与时俱进”的鲜明特点。继中共十九大把习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想确立为党必须长期坚持的指导思想并写入党章后,中共二十大决定把党的十九大以来习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想新发展写入党章,以更好反映以习近平同志为核心的党中央推进党的理论创新、实践创新、制度创新成果。
“在党章中写入习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想新发展,旨在用创新的理论武装全党,更好地面向未来。”张希贤说。
中共中央党校(国家行政学院)教授戴焰军指出,习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想本身就是一个不断发展的学说,把发展新成果写进党章,是中国共产党在理论上、指导思想上与时俱进的体现。
中共二十大鲜明强调“两个确立”的决定性意义。竹立家指出,“两个确立”是中国特色社会主义进入新时代的历史条件下形成的最重要政治成果,全党必须深刻认识到“两个确立”的决定性意义,在实践中始终予以坚持。
资料图:人民大会堂前红旗飘飘。二十大提出以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴,并将此确定为新时代新征程党的中心任务,大会不仅将之写入党章,也把与共同富裕、新发展理念、“双循环”、高质量发展等有关的内容写入了党章。外界注意到这些内容都涉及对国内外形势的科学判断和战略部署。
戴焰军指出,上述内容相对来说都具有稳定性和长期性,将其写入党章,可以保证党在长时期内有明确且一以贯之的目标,动员全党要为之行动,且确保行动的政策具有连续性。
大会同意把党是最高政治领导力量,坚持和加强党的全面领导等内容写入党章,同意把党的初心使命、党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验的内容写入党章,同意把发扬斗争精神、增强斗争本领等内容写入党章。新党章还反映了十九大以来党的建设成功经验,包括弘扬伟大建党精神等。
在戴焰军看来,把涉及党的执政地位和自身建设的内容写入党章,成为全党的共同意志和行动遵循,对于锻造更坚强有力的中国共产党有重要意义。
“中国发展进入战略机遇和风险挑战并存、不确定难预料因素增多的时期,各种‘黑天鹅’‘灰犀牛’事件随时可能发生。无论是研判风险挑战,还是克服前进障碍实现发展目标,都需要吸收建党百年来的重要经验,坚持和加强党的全面领导,增强斗争本领。”竹立家说。
对于全党下一步发展的突出任务,修改后的党章予以强调。尤为值得注意的是,大会把全面准确、坚定不移贯彻“一个国家、两种制度”的方针,坚决反对和遏制“台独”写入了党章。
“党把完成祖国统一大业作为历史重任,为此进行了不懈努力。中国迈向建设社会主义现代化强国目标,国家统一是其中关键。”竹立家指出,中共将贯彻“一国两制”方针、处理对台关系等作为重要任务体现在党章之中,对于凝聚海内外中华儿女共同意志,促进祖国统一有着重要意义。(完)
中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |